vdm sl - From implicit to explicit function definitions -


i have been creating specifications using implicit function definitions in vdm-sl , has worked out well. want prototype specification using explicit function definitions (no operations @ stage).

one way can see of doing create new module mimics functions defined in implicit specification, give them explicit definitions.

i'm sure done doubt ideal. there no link between implicit , explicit specification, though 1 refinement of other.

is there recommended way of transitioning implicit explicit function definitions. longer term want investigate doing formally, in first instance want implement implicit function specifications demonstrate specification in action.

there formal process refinement of specifications, though quite laborious, since there isn't tool support it.

if preserve implicit function type signatures , pre/postconditions, explicit versions "certain" refinement, assuming implementation correct inputs (which combinatorial testing can help). note can give implementation (body) function written in "implicit" style, may simplify things:

f(x:nat) r:nat == x + 1        -- line added implicit spec! pre x > 10 post r < 100

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

java - pagination of xlsx file to XSSFworkbook using apache POI -

right in code, reading xlsx file, xssfworkbook, , writing database. but, when size of xlsx file increases, causes outofmemory error. can not increase server size, or divide xlsx file pieces. tried loading workbook using file (instead of inputstream), didn't either. i looking way read 10k rows @ time (instead of entire file @ once) , iteratively write workbook , database. is there way apache poi? poi contains called "eventmodel" designed purpose. it's mentioned in faq : the ss eventmodel package api reading excel files without loading whole spreadsheet memory. require more knowledge on part of user, reduces memory consumption more tenfold. based on awt event model in combination sax. if need read-only access, best way it. however, may want double check first if issue somewhere else. check out this item : i think poi using memory! can do? 1 comes quite lot, reason isn't might think. so, first thing check - what's source of prob...
Read more

Unlimited choices in BASH case statement -

consider simple bash snippet: case $option in 1) image=${options[0]%.tar} ;; 2) image=${options[1]%.tar} ;; 3) image=${options[2]%.tar} ;; 4) image=${options[3]%.tar} ;; *) echo "invalid option" exit 1 esac in real script numbers goes 30. makes pretty long. can somehow specify cases variable? something this: case $option in $i) image=${options[$(($i-1))]%.tar} any pointer appreciated. you can match against multiple patterns in single clause: case $option in 1|2|3: echo "$option one, 2 or three" ;; esac if still typing you, can use simple pattern matching: case $option in # following matches # - single-digit numbers 0-9 # - two-digit numbers starting either 1 or 2 # - number 30 [0-9]|[12][0-9]|30) image=${options[$(($option-1))]%.tar} ;; *) echo "invalid option" 1>&2 exit 1 esac
Read more

apache - How do I stop my index.php being run twice for every user -

we've got webapp initial html served using apache , php. i noticed index.php being run twice every request. seems caused / effected rewrite rules in our .htaccess - rewritecond %{http_host} ^(www\.|hotels\.)ourdomain\.com$ [nc,or] rewritecond %{server_name} ^(www\.|hotels\.)ourdomain\.com$ [nc] rewriterule (.*) http://ourdomain.com/$1 [r=301] rewriterule ^hotels/([^/]+)/?\??(.*)$ ?d=$1&$2 [qsa] the final rule moving parameter url path query string. i.e. http://ourdomain.com/hotels/vegas?someparam=1 becomes http://ourdomain.com?d=vegas&someparam=1 if go directly query string version index.php run once. if use url redirected, index.php run twice (i'm checking adding error_log('end of index.php') file). so example going http://ourdomain.com/hotels/paris hits file twice http://ourdomain.com?d=paris hits once. i've seen this question , had @ blog mentioned , , can't find empty string url's (i've tried using yslow process). ...
Read more